Stenciling and dyeing fabrics and the like



F. ADLER STENCILING AND DYEING FABRICS AND THE LIKE Filed NOV. '5, 192511 111 I 1 I III 11 1 1/111 1 1 I Jmvenfar Patented Jan. 24, 1928.

PATENT OFFICE.

FRIEDRICH ADLER, F HAMBURG, GERMANY.

' STENGILING AND DYEING FABRICS AND THE LIKE.

Application filed November 5, 1925, Serial No. 67 ,038,and in GermanyNovember 7, 1924.

My invention refers to the art of producing coloured patterns on porousmaterials such as fabric and the like and more especially to the mannerof stencili'ng which originated in Java and is commonlyknown as batikdyeing. As is well known to those skilled in the art this Javan methodis based on the impregnation of those parts of the fabric, which shallnot be dyed, with Wax, paraffin or some other resist, preferably byimmersing a metal stencil inhot-fiuid wax and then placing it onto thefabric, the fluid wax entering the fabric and protecting the impregnatedportion against the dye solutime. This method can be easily practised atthe average temperature of 40 0., prevailing as a rule in a hot countrylike Java, the more so as the wax produced by the J avan bees remainsfluid for a longer periodthan the Wax of the bees reared in Europe andAmerica. In consequence of the materially lower average temperatureprevailing in these latter countries and of the more rapidsolidification of the wax the utilization of the J avan batik processencounters serious difiiculties. both in Europe and America.

Moreover the J avan process does not allow impregnating several layersof fabric or the like at a time and in consequence thereof a piece offabric impregnated only on one side HllSl) be turned over in order totreat the rear s1 e.

It is an object of my invention to overcome all these difliculties andto render the batik dyeing process applicable independently of thetemperature of the air and of the melting point of the wax. It is afurther object of my invention to render this process adapted for aproduction on a large scale.

tion to render the process more eflicient as regards the quality of theproducts obtained. With these and other objects in view I will nowproceed to describe my invention and how the same is to be performed,having reference to the drawings which illustrate.

diagrammatically and by way of example several modes of carrying myinvention into practice.

It placing the fabric, paper or the like on a support containing orconsisting of wax or other resist and applying heat to those parts ofthe fabric or the like, which it is intended to impregnate with the wax.so as to protect it from being dyed. The heat will It is a furtherobject of my invenis based substantially on the step of cause the wax orthe like to melt below these parts of the fabric, the fluid wax beingthen absorbed by these parts. Preferably heat is applied by pressingonto the fabric a metal stencil which has heated to a temperaturesuflicing to melt someof the wax under the fabric inserted between them.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical section illustrating the above modeof proceeding.

Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating means.

whereby the method of stencilin-g can be practised in a continuousmanner.

Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views illustrating two modifications of thearrangement shown in Fig. 1.

Referring first to Fig. 1, a is a metal stencil, b is a piece or web ofthe fabric to be impregnated and c is a sheet of wax, parafiin or thelike. By pressing the heated stencil it onto the fabric, some of the waxon the surface of c is melted and readily absorbed by the fabric.Obviously the stencil a can be formed and engraved in any suitablemanner in order to produce the pattern desired in each individual case.

In the arrangement disclosed in Fig. 2, a is an engraved metal cylinderwhich replaces the ordinary stencil and 0' is a wax cylinder. 7; is theweb of fabric travelling between them. Obviously, when the metalcylinder a is heated in any suitable manner, it will cause the wax onthe surface of cylinder 0 to melt and to be absorbed by the fabric 1)while this latter is pulled through'between them. 1

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 3, a is the stencil and b thefabric to be impregnated, c is a piece of fabric thoroughly impreviouslybeen pregnated with the resist such as wax, f is a piece of oil cloth orthe like and (l is a yielding support formed by a piece of felt or thelike. Here the sheet of pure wax shown in Fig. 1 is replaced by a Web ofporous materlal impregnated with the resist, which may prove useful inmany cases, and this impregnated sheet can be advanced together with thefabric tobe impregnated which could not be done as easily in the case ofa solid sheet of wax.

In the modification illustrated in 4 means are provided .whereby theiece of fabric or the like to be impregnate is prevented from stickin tothe wax-s11 ort when this latter so idifies. If the a ric were allowedto stick to the wax one side of the layer of resist would be torn andthis sart of the fabric could be attacked by the yestufl solution. Inorder to prevent means 'such as clampingl blocks a are l on the la er ofwax c, t ese clampin locks holding t e fabric 6, which shall bempregnated, m stretched condition above the wax bodyIsfo as tokeep it inspaced relation thereto. fabric by means of the stenci a this part ofthe fabric is pressed onto the wax support in order to be impregnatedbut on being relieved of the pressure the fabric will be detached atonce from the wax" by its elasticity before the wax has solidified.

Obviously several superposed layers of fabric, paper or the like can beacted upon simultaneously by the stencil and it is there- -fore possibleto insert a folded iece of fabric or the like between the stenci and thewax and by a single impression of the stencil to impregnate severalportions of the piece of fabric in a strictly identical and symmetricalmanner.

Inasmuch as the wax absorbed by the fabric solidifies at once, thefabric or the like can be dyed-without any loss of time pressure is nowap lied onto the olding the fabric to and after having dried can beimpregnated in another place.

The products obtained by this process are not only equal to but in mostcases superior to those produced by hand and in the ordinary mannerpractised in Java.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to theexact materials, operations and means described and illustrated, forobvious modifications will occur to Ia rson skilled in the art.

m:- 1. Device for partly impregnating fabric with wax comprising asupport containing wax, a member adapted to be heated an pressed ontosaid support and means for olding the fabricto impregnated above and inspaced relation to and sup rt.

2. Device for partly impregnating fabric with wax comprising a websupport containing wax, a member adapted to be heated and pressed ontosaid support and means for impregnated above and in spaced'relation tosaid support.

' In testimony whereof I afix my signature.

rzsmnmcn ADLER.

